1.17. route路由和网关设置

1.17.1. 添加网关

route add  default gw 192.168.159.2

1.17.2. 删除

route del default gw 192.168.159.2

1.17.3. 查看当前路由表

route -n

1.17.4. 示例

route                           # 查看路由表
route add default  gw 192.168.1.1  dev eth0                        # 添加默认路由
route add default gw 192.168.159.2                                  #添加默认网关
route add -net 0.0.0.0 netmask 0.0.0.0 gw 192.168.1.1               #添加默认路由
route add -net 172.16.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 gw 10.39.111.254     # 添加静态路由网关
route del -net 172.16.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 gw 10.39.111.254     # 删除静态路由网关

#添加到主机的路由(就是一个 IP 一个 IP 添加)
route add -host 146.148.149.202 dev eno16777984
route add -host 146.148.149.202 gw 146.148.149.193

#添加到网络的路由(批量)
route add -net 146.148.149.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dev eno16777984
route add -net 146.148.149.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 146.148.149.193

#添加默认网关
route add default gw 146.148.149.193

#删除网络路由:
route del -net 146.148.149.0 netmask 255.255.255.0
route del -net 146.148.150.0/24

#centos7 添加临时路由和永久路由
一、添加临时静态路由(即重启后失效)
ip route add 172.22.2.0/24 via 172.22.3.254 dev eth0

二、添加永久路由(需要重启网络)
编辑或新建/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-interface 文件中,比如
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-eth0
添加两条路由:
172.22.2.0/24 via 172.22.3.254 dev eth0
172.21.0.0/16 via 172.22.3.254 dev eth0


#一 使用route 命令添加的路由,机器重启或者网卡重启后路由就失效了,方法:
//添加到主机的路由
# route add –host 192.168.1.11 dev eth0
# route add –host 192.168.1.12 gw 192.168.1.1
//添加到网络的路由
# route add –net 192.168.1.11  netmask 255.255.255.0 eth0
# route add –net 192.168.1.11  netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.1.1
# route add –net 192.168.1.0/24 eth1
//添加默认网关
# route add default gw 192.168.2.1
//删除路由
# route del –host 192.168.1.11 dev eth0


#二:在linux下设置永久路由的方法:
1.在/etc/rc.local里添加
方法:
route add -net 192.168.3.0/24 dev eth0
route add -net 192.168.2.0/24 gw 192.168.2.254

2.在/etc/sysconfig/network里添加到末尾
方法:GATEWAY=gw-ip 或者 GATEWAY=gw-dev

3./etc/sysconfig/static-routes : (没有static-routes的话就手动建立一个这样的文件)
any net 192.168.3.0/24 gw 192.168.3.254
any net 10.250.228.128 netmask 255.255.255.192 gw 10.250.228.129

4.开启 IP 转发:
# echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward (临时)
# vi /etc/sysctl.conf --> net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 (永久开启)



静态路由

vim /etc/sysconfig/static-routes
any net 192.168.12.0/24 gw 192.168.0.254
any net 192.168.13.0/24 gw 192.168.0.254

1.17.5. CentOS 添加静态路由的几种方法

https://sysin.cn/blog/centos-static-route/

1.17.6. 静态路由实例:Unix Linux Windows Cisco VMware

https://sysin.cn/blog/static-routing/